Professor
Department of Chemistry
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India-211004
E-mail: pkd[at]mnnit[dot]ac[dot]in
Telephone: 05322271283(O) 05322271611(R)
Rai, S.; Arun, S.; Kureel, A. K.; Dutta, PK and Mehrotra, GKPreparation of Dextran Aldehyde and BSA Conjugates from Ligno-cellulosic Biowaste for Antioxidant and Anti-cancer Efficacy. In Waste and Biomass Valorization, 12: 1327-1339, 2021.
Yadav, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKChitosan based ZnO nanoparticles loaded gallic-acid films for active food packaging. In Food Chemistry, 334: 127605, 2021.
Jaiswal, S.; Dutta, PK; Kumar, S. and Chawla, R.Chitosan modified by organo-functionalities as an efficient nanoplatform for anti-cancer drug delivery process. In Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology: 102407, 2021.
Dutta, P.; Kumari, S.; Paulraj, J.; Sharma, R.; Vijaykumar, G.; Das, H. S.; Sreejyothi, P; Sil, S.; Mandal, S. K; Sengupta, A. and thers,Phenalenyl based platinum anticancer compounds with superior efficacy: design, synthesis, characterization, and interaction with nuclear DNA. In New Journal of Chemistry, 2021.
Dutta, PK; Yadav, S. and Mehrotra, GKModified Chitosan Films/Coatings for Active Food Packaging.
Chawla, R.; Jaiswal, S.; Dutta, PK and Yadav, L. D. SA photocatalyst-free visible-light-mediated solvent-switchable route to stilbenes/vinyl sulfones from $beta$-nitrostyrenes and arylazo sulfones. In Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 19 (29): 6487-6492, 2021.
Kumari, R.; Narvi, SS and Dutta, PKThiol modified chitosan-silica nanohybrid for antibacterial, antioxidant and drug delivery application. In Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 98 (8): 100108, 2021.
Arun, S.; Singh, V. K.; Naz, A.; Narvi, S. S. and Dutta, P. K.A comparative catalytic study using different metal ions by incorporating functionalized metallosalen into the lacunary position of Keggin polyoxometalate. In Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 98 (9): 100118, 2021.
2020
Yadav, S.; Mehrotra, GK; Bhartiya, P.; Singh, A. and Dutta, PKPreparation, physicochemical and biological evaluation of quercetin based chitosan-gelatin film for food packaging. In Carbohydrate polymers, 227: 115348, 2020.
Singh, A. and Dutta, PKGreen synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of chitin glucan based zinc oxide nanoparticles and its curcumin conjugation. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 156: 514-521, 2020.
Kumar, H.; Dutta, PK and ushma,Thioglycolic acid modified chitosan: a template for in-situ synthesis of CdSe QDs for cell imaging. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 57 (10): 711-724, 2020.
Kumar, S.; Dutta, J.; Dutta, PK and Koh, J.A systematic study on chitosan-liposome based systems for biomedical applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 160: 470-481, 2020.
Chawla, R.; Jaiswal, S.; Dutta, PK and Yadav, L. D. SPhotocatalyst-free visible light driven synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones from cinnamic acids and arylazo sulfones. In Tetrahedron Letters, 61 (22): 151898, 2020.
Hsan, N.; Dutta, P. K; Kumar, S.; Das, N. and Koh, J.Capture and chemical fixation of carbon dioxide by chitosan grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes. In Journal of CO2 Utilization, 41: 101237, 2020.
Kumari, R.; Narvi, SS and Dutta, PKDesign of polymer based inorganic-organic hybrid materials for drug delivery application. In J. Indian Chem. Soc, 97 (12a): 2609-2622, 2020.
2019
Shefali Jaiswal, P.K. D. S. K. J. K. S. P.Methyl methacrylate modified chitosan: Synthesis, characterization and application in drug and gene delivery. In Carbohydrate Polymers 211 109-117 2019, 211: 109-117, 2019.
Nazrul Hsan, P.K. D. S. K. R. B. N. D.Chitosan grafted graphene oxide aerogel: Synthesis, characterization and carbon dioxide capture study. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 125: 300-306, 2019.
Rizvi, K. S. and Dutta, PKSynthesis and Characterization of New Chromophore 4-2-(2-hydroxy-5-(4 nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzylidene) hydrazinyl) Benzoic Acid and its use in Chitosan Modification. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 36 (1): 75-85, 2019.
Singh, A.; Dutta, PK; Kumar, H.; Kureel, A. K. and Rai, A. K.Improved antibacterial and antioxidant activities of gallic acid grafted chitin-glucan complex. In Journal of Polymer Research, 26 (9): 1-11, 2019.
Rizvi, K. S. and Dutta, PKChitosan Modification by New Chromophore 4-(3-(4-nitrophenyl) thioureido) benzoic acid: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 36 (3), 2019.
Dutta, P. K.; Sharma, R.; Kumari, S.; Dubey, R. D.; Sarkar, S.; Paulraj, J.; Vijaykumar, G.; Pandey, M.; Sravanti, L; Samarla, M. and thers,A safe and efficacious Pt (ii) anticancer prodrug: design, synthesis, in vitro efficacy, the role of carrier ligands and in vivo tumour growth inhibition. In Chemical Communications, 55 (12): 1718-1721, 2019.
Dutta, PKImage segmentation based approach for the purpose of developing satellite image spatial information extraction for forestation and river bed analysis. In International Journal of Image and Graphics, 19 (01): 1950002, 2019.
2018
Singh, A.; avkush,; Amit Kumar Kureel, D. PK and Sushil Kumar, R. A. K.Curcumin loaded chitin-glucan quercetin conjugate: Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, in vitro release study, and anticancer activity. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 110: 234-244, 2018.
Sudheer Rai, A. K. K. P.K. D. and Mehrotra, G.K.Phenolic compounds based conjugates from dextran aldehyde and BSA: Preparation, characterization and evaluation of their anti-cancer efficacy for therapeutic applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 110: 425-436, 2018.
Singh, A.; Dutta, PK; Kumar, H.; Kureel, A. K. and Rai, A. K.Synthesis of chitin-glucan-aldehyde-quercetin conjugate and evaluation of anticancer and antioxidant activities. In Carbohydrate Polymer: 99-107, 2018.
Amreen Naz, S. A. S. S. N. M. S. A. A. S. P. B. PK D.Cu(II)-carboxymethyl chitosan-silaneschiff base complex grafted on nano silica: Structural evolution, antibacterial performance and dye degradation ability. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 110: 215-226, 2018.
Arun, S.; Singh, Y.; Naz, A.; Bhartiya, P.; Srivastava, K.; Narvi, S. S. and Dutta, PKChitosan Nano-composite containing Undecatungstosilicate via Cobalt Substitution: Characterization and Evaluation of their Biological Activity. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 35: 297-308, 2018.
Rai, S.; Dutta, PK and Mehrotra, GKNatural Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents from Agrowastes: An Emergent Need to Food Packaging. In Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2018.
Nigam, N.; Kumar, S.; Ghosh, T. and Dutta, PKA novel design strategy for chitosan containing azo-based Schiff bases for colorimetric sensing of anions. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 35: 137-148, 2018.
ushma,; Kumar, H.; Ahmad, I. and Dutta, PKIn-vitro toxicity induced by quartz nanoparticles: Role of ER stress. In Toxicology, 2018.
Jain, T.; Kumar, S and Dutta, PKCarboxymethylchitin Nanocarrier (CMCNC): A Novel Therapeutic Formulation for Drug Release. In Polymer Plastics Engg & Technology: 1-15, 2018.
Bhartiya, P. and Dutta, PKDual responsive drug delivery system with cellular imaging ability. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 35: 85-101, 2018.
Arun, S.; Bhartiya, P.; Naz, A.; Rai, S.; Narvi, SS and Dutta, PKFabrication and Characterization of Polyoxometalate based Nano-hybrids: Evaluation of their role in Biological Activity. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 35 (4), 2018.
2017
ushma,; Kumar, H.; Ahmad, I. and Dutta, PKEvaluation of DNA damaging potential of indigenous health hazardous quartz nanoparticles on cultured lung cells. In Toxicology Research, 6: 152-161, 2017.
Rai, S.; Singh, B. K.; Bhartiya, P.; Singh, A.; Kumar, H.; Dutta, PK and Mehrotra, GKLignin derived reduced fluorescence carbon dots with theranostic approaches: Nano-drug-carrier and bioimaging. In Journal of Luminescence, 190: 492-503, 2017.
Singh, A. and Dutta, PKExtraction of Chitin-Glucan Complex from Agaricus bisporus: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 34: 1-9, 2017.
Rai, S; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKLignin Incorporated Antimicrobial Chitosan Film for Food Packaging Application. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 34: 171-183, 2017.
Kashyap, M; Dutta, J and Dutta, PKPreparation and Characterization of Chitosan based Hydrogel Formulation by using Acetic acid and Propylene glycol for Wound Healing Application. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 34: 33-44, 2017.
N.Sinha, B.K.Singh, P.K.DuttaResearch on Antibacterial Screening and Drug Delivery using Chitosan-Stearic Acid Derivative. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 34: 11-20, 2017.
Rai, S.; Singh, B. K.; Bhartiya, P.; Singh, A.; Kumar, H.; Dutta, PK; Mehrotra, GK; Singh, H. K. and thers,bioimaging, Journal of Luminescence.
Prabha Bhartiya, P.K.DuttaChitosan and its derivatives: Waiting for low cost MRI Contrast Agents. In Asian Chitin Journal, 13 (1): 1-8, 2017.
N.Sinha, B.K.Singh, P.K.DuttaResearch on Antibacterial Screening and Drug Delivery using Chitosan-Stearic Acid Derivative. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 34: 11-20, 2017.
2016
Snigdha, K.; Singh, B. K; Mehta, A. S.; Tewari, RP and Dutta, PKSelf-assembling N-(9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-l-Phenylalanine hydrogel as novel drug carrier. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 93: 1639-1646, 2016.
Jain, T.; Kumar, S and Dutta, PKDibutyrylchitin nanoparticles as novel drug carrier. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 82: 1011-1017, 2016.
Santosh Kumar, V. D. M. K. PK D.Antibacterial activity of diisocyanate-modified chitosan for biomedical applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 84: 349-353, 2016.
Nigam, N.; Kumar, S.; Dutta, PK; Pei, S and Ghosh, TChitosan containing azo-based Schiff bases: thermal, antibacterial and birefringence properties for bio-optical devices. In RSC Advances, 6: 5575-5581, 2016.
Jain, T. and Dutta, PKChitin and chitosan as antitumour agents: A state-of-the-art mini review. In Journal of Indian Chemical Society, 93: 751-757, 2016.
Bhartiya, P.; Singh, A.; Kumar, H.; Jain, T.; Singh, B. K. and Dutta, PKCarbon dots: Chemistry, properties & applications. In Journal of Indian Chemical Society, 93: 759-766, 2016.
Rai, S.; Dutta, PK and Mehrotra, GKAgrowaste derived phenolic compounds into chitosan film for food packaging applications: Antibacterial and antioxidant study. In Journal of Indian Chemical Society, 93: 767-774, 2016.
Singh, Y.; Arun, S.; Singh, B. K; Dutta, PK and Ghosh, T.Colorimetric and ON--OFF--ON fluorescent chemosensor for the sequential detection of Cu(II) and cysteine and its application in imaging of living cells. In RSC Advances, 6: 80268-80274, 2016.
Sinha, N; Singh, BK and Dutta, PKPreparation and characterization of chitosan-lauric acid derivative for antibacterial activity and drug delivery study. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 33: 479-490, 2016.
Jain, T.; Kumar, H. and Dutta, P. K.D-glucosamine and N-acetyl d-glucosamine: Their potential use as regenerative medicine. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine: 279-295, 2016.
Rai, S.; Dutta, PK and Mehrotra, GKAgrowaste derived phenolic compounds as additives to chitosan film for food packaging applications: antibacterial and antioxidant study. In J. Indian Chem. Soc, 93: 1-8, 2016.
2015
Vishwakarma, NK; Patel, VK; Gundampati, R. K.; Mudavath, S.; Gupta, T.; Ramesh, K; Jana, KK; Dutta, PK; Maiti, P.; Misra, N. and thers,Galactosylated chitosan for enhanced and efficient antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities: A Novel Approach. In Asian Chitin Journal, 11 (2): 11-18, 2015.
Bhartiya, P.; Kumar, H.; Ghosh, T. and Dutta, PKOnion derived carbon dots: Structural and biological evaluations. In Asian Chitin Journal, 11 (2): 19-22, 2015.
Mehta, A. S.; Singh, B. K; Singh, N.; Archana, D; Snigdha, K.; Harniman, R.; Rahatekar, S. S; Tewari, RP and Dutta, PKChitosan silk-based three-dimensional scaffolds containing gentamicin-encapsulated calcium alginate beads for drug administration and blood compatibility. In Journal of biomaterials applications, 29 (9): 1314-1325, 2015.
Archana, D; Singh, B. K; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKChitosan-PVP-nano silver oxide wound dressing: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 73: 49-57, 2015.
Anil Kumar, A. P. S. S. K. A.K.Srivastava, S. B. S.K.Dhawan, D. PK and Dhar, A.EM shielding effectiveness of Pd-CNT-Cu nanocomposite buckypaper. In Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3: 13986-13993, 2015.
Nigam, N.; Kumar, S.; Dutta, PK and Ghosh, TStudies on thermo-optic property of chitosan--alizarin yellow GG complex: a direction for devices for biomedical applications. In Bulletin of Material Science, 38: 1639-1643, 2015.
Singh, BK; Sirohi, R.; Archana, D; Jain, A and Dutta, PKPorous chitosan scaffolds: A systematic study for choice of crosslinker and growth factor incorporation. In International Journal of Polymeric Materials & Polymeric Biomaterials, 64: 242-252, 2015.
Dutta PK, G. T, K. H, J. T, S. YHydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis of carbon dots from chitosan-ethanol system. In Asian Chitin J, 11: 1-4, 2015.
Jain, T.; Kumar, S. and Dutta, PKChitosan in the light of nano-biotechnology: A mini review. In Journal of biomedical technology and research, 1 (1): 101-107, 2015.
Jain, T; Kumar, S and Dutta, PKTheranostics: a way of modern medical diagnostics and the role of chitosan. In J Mol Genet Med, 9 (159): 1747-0862, 2015.
Kumar, S.; Kumari, M.; Mallick, MA; Swain, BS; Sobral, A. and Dutta, PKPreparation and characterization of microporous bionanocomposites for biomedical applications. In Asian Chitin J, 11 (1): 23-26, 2015.
2014
Kumar, A.; Husale, S.; Srivastava, A.K.; Dutta, PK and Dhar, A.Cu-Ni nanoparticle decorated graphene based photodetector. In Nanoscale, 6: 8192-8198, 2014.
Anil Kumar, Avnish.P. S. S. K. PK D. S. K. D. A. D.Polyaromatic hydrocarbon based carbon copper composites for suppression of electromagnetic pollution. In Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2: 16632-16639, 2014.
Kumari, S.; Kumar, A.; Sengupta, P.; Dutta, PK and Mathur, R. BImproving the mechanical and thermal properties of semicoke based carbon/copper composites reinforced using carbon nanotubes. In Advance Materials Letters, 5: 265-271, 2014.
Kumar, S.; iran,; Dutta, PK and Koh, J.Chitosan biopolymer based Schiff base: Preparation, characterization, optical & antibacterial activity. In International Journal of Polymeric Materials & Polymeric Biomaterials, 63: 173-177, 2014.
Kumari, S.; Kumar, A.; Singh, A. P.; Garg, M.; Dutta, PK; Dhawan, SK and Mathur, R. BCu-Ni alloy decorated graphite layers for EMI suppression. In RSC Advances, 4: 23202-23209, 2014.
Mehta, A. S.; Singh, B. K and Dutta, PKElectrospun chitin, chitosan and silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffolds: an emerging trend in biomedical applications. In Asian Chitin J, 10: 25-28, 2014.
Kumar, H. and Dutta, PKChitosan-QD nanocomposite: synthetic strategy and application. In Asian Chitin J, 10: 19-24, 2014.
D. Archana, J. D. and .K.Dutta,Chitosan for wound healing management via in vivo approach: A mini review. In Asian Chitin Journal, 10 (1 & 2): 1-10, 2014.
Nitin Sahai, T. J. K. P.K.DuttaChitosan based porous scaffolds by Computer Aided Tissue Engineering. In Asian Chitin Journal, 10 (1 & 2): 11-19, 2014.
Singh, PK; Sharma, SK; Dutta, P and Sinha, APrevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis--A prospective cross sectional study in a tertiary clinic in North West India. In Indian Journal of Rheumatology (9): S51, 2014.
2013
Archana, D; Upadhyay, L.; Tewari, RP; Dutta, J.; Huang, YB and Dutta, PKChitosan-pectin-alginate as a novel scaffold for tissue engineering applications. In Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 12: 475-482, 2013.
Archana, D; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKEvaluation of chitosan nano dressing for wound healing: Characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 57: 193-203, 2013.
Archana, D; Singh, B. K; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKIn vivo evaluation of chitosan--PVP--titanium dioxide nanocomposite as wound dressing material. In Carbohydrate polymers, 95 (1): 530-539, 2013.
H.Kumar, R.Srivastava, PK D.Highly luminescent chitosan-l-cysteine functionalized CdTe quantum dots film: Synthesis and characterization. In Carbohydrate Polymer, 97: 327-334, 2013.
Yadav, S. K.; Mahapatra, S. S.; Yadav, M. K. and Dutta, PKMechanically robust biocomposite films of chitosan grafted carbon nanotubes via the [2 + 1] cycloaddition of nitrenes. In RSC Advances, 3: 23631-23637, 2013.
Bhatt, A.; Singh, B. K; Archana, D and Dutta, PKPreparation, Physicochemical and Biological Study of Chitosan/Prednisolone Succinate Pro-drug for Pharmaceutical Applications. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 30: 187-197, 2013.
Semwal, A.; Singh, R. and Dutta, PKChitosan: a promising substrate for pharmaceuticals. In Journal of Chitin and Chitosan Science, 1 (2): 87-102, 2013.
Tripathi, P; Gupta, AK and Dutta, PKTitanium dioxide impregnated chitosan based nanocomposite: a facile approach for superior antibacterial assessment for food packaging. In Asian Chitin J, 9: 7-10, 2013.
Ritu Sirohi, B.K.Singh, D.Archana, A. J. and .K.Dutta,Chitosan-alginate: A promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. In Asian Chitin Journal, 9 (2): 21-24, 2013.
Dutta, PK; Mishra, OP and Naskar, MKA review of operational earthquake forecasting methodologies using linguistic fuzzy rule-based models from imprecise data with weighted regression approach. In Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 8 (2): 220-235, 2013.
2012
Kumar, S.; Koh, J.; Kim, H.; Gupta, MK and Dutta, PKA new chitosan--thymine conjugate: Synthesis, characterization and biological activity. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 50: 493-502, 2012.
Dutta, J; Tripathi, S and Dutta, PKProgress in antimicrobial activities of chitin, chitosan & oligisaccharides:A systematic study needs for food applications. In Food Science and Technology International, 18: 1-32, 2012.
Kumar, S.; Tiwari, DK; Dutta, PK and Koh, J.Preparation and Circular Dichroism Properties of Chitosan/Methoxycinnamaldehyde. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 29: 309-316, 2012.
Singh, BK; Srivastava, RK; Kumar, SS and Dutta, PKStability-indicative HPLC determination of donepezil hydrochloride in tablet dosage form. In Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 45: 766-770, 2012.
Semwal, A.; Singh, B. K; Archana, D; Verma, A. and Dutta, PKMacromolecular chitosan/ciprofloxacin pro-drugs: synthesis, physicochemical and biological assessment for drug delivery systems. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 29: 1-13, 2012.
Singh, BK; Srivastava, RK; Kumar, SS and Dutta, PKSimultaneous Estimation and Validation of Risedronate Sodium in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC Method. In Journal of Pharmacy Research, 5: 943-945, 2012.
Dutta, PK; Srivastava, R. and Dutta, J.Functionalized nanoparticles and chitosan-based functional nanomaterials. In Multifaceted Development and Application of Biopolymers for Biology, Biomedicine and Nanotechnology: 1-50, 2012.
Neha Saxena, T. J. N. P. R. S. and Dutta, a. P. K.Scanning electron microscopy: Facilitated property of chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering. In Asian Chitin Journal, 8 (2): 1-4, 2012.
Ashish Bhatt, B. K. S. D. A. A. and Dutta, P. K.Chitosan/Cyclopentolate pro-drug,Synthesis, physicochemical and biological evaluation. In Asian Chitin Journal, 8 (2): 5-12, 2012.
Archana, D; Dutta, J and Dutta, PKNew copper oxide loaded chitosan/PVA film: Enhanced antibacterial for biomedical applications. In Asian Chitin J, 8: 13, 2012.
Dutta, K. S. R. and .K.,A new azo and hydrazone containing crosslinker for chitosan deriavative: Preparation & characterization-A preliminary study. In Asian Chitin Journal, 8 (2): 19-22, 2012.
Praveen Kumar Yadav, B. K. S. D. A. N. S. and Dutta, P. K.Synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazole drug for chitosan derivative and biological evaluation. In Asian Chitin Journal, 8 (2): 23-30, 2012.
Dutta, N. S. and K., P.$alpha$-aldehyde terminally functional methoxy polyethylene glycol/chitosan graft co-polymer; Synthesis, characterization and pharmaceutical applications. In Asian Chitin Journal, 8 (2): 31-36, 2012.
Singha, B. K; Srivastavab, R. K; Kumarc, S S. and Duttaa, PKSimultaneous Estimation and Validation of Risedronate Sodium in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC Method. In Journal of Pharmacy Research, 5 (2): 943-945, 2012.
2011
Rinki, K.; Dutta, P. K; Hunt, A. J; Macquarrie, D. J and Clark, J. HChitosan aerogels exhibiting high surface area for biomedical application: Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial study. In International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 60 (12): 988-999, 2011.
Srivastava, R.; Tiwari, D. K and Dutta, PK4-(Ethoxycarbonyl) phenyl-1-amino-oxobutanoic acid--chitosan complex as a new matrix for silver nanocomposite film: Preparation, characterization and antibacterial activity. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 49: 863-870, 2011.
Kumar, S.; Koh, J.; Tiwari, D. K. and Dutta, PKOptical Study of Chitosan-Ofloxacin Complex for Biomedical Applications. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, 48: 789-795, 2011.
Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKPreparation & antimicrobial activity of chitosan-silver oxide nanocomposite film via solution casting method. In Bulletin of Material Science, 34: 29-35, 2011.
Kumar, S.; Dutta, PK and Koh, J.A physico-chemical and biological study of novel chitosan--chloroquinoline derivative for biomedical applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 49: 356-361, 2011.
Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKChitosan--silver oxide nanocomposite film: Preparation and antimicrobial activity. In Bulletin of Materials Science, 34 (1): 29-35, 2011.
Dutta, PK; Rinki, K. and Dutta, J.Chitosan: a promising biomaterial for tissue engineering scaffolds. In Chitosan for biomaterials II: 45-79, 2011.
Upadhyay, L.; Tewari, RP and Dutta, PKPreparation and characterization of better scaffolds for tissue engineering application.
Brijesh K. Singh, D. A. and .K.Dutta,Regioselective synthesis of chitosan based 1,2,3-triazoles via “Click Chemistry” for pharmaceutical applications. In Asian Chitin Journal, 7 (1): 1-6, 2011.
Kashyap, M.; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKRheological characteristics of chitosan hydrogel in different solvent systems for wound healing applications. In Asian Chitin Journal, 7 (1): 15-20, 2011.
Alok Semwal, B. K. S. D. A. A. V. and Dutta, P. K.Macromolecular chitosan/norfloxacin pro-drugs: synthesis, physicochemical and biological assessment for drug delivery systems. In Asian Chitin Journal, 7 (1): 21-28, 2011.
Hridyesh Kumar, R. S. S. K. and .K.Dutta,Physicochemical and photoluminescence properties of pyridine cross linkable chitosan film. In Asian Chitin Journal, 7 (1): 37-42, 2011.
Astha Gupta, B. K.Singh, R. P. T. and Dutta., P. K.A comparative study on the effect of different crosslinkers on chitosan films. In Asian Chitin Journal, 7 (1): 51-58, 2011.
Singh, J.; Srivastava, M; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKPreparation and properties of hybrid monodispersed magnetic $alpha$-Fe2O3 based chitosan nanocomposite film for industrial and biomedical applications. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 48 (1): 170-176, 2011.
Singh, J. and Dutta, PKAntibacterial and physiochemical behavior of prepared chitosan/pyridine-3, 5-di-carboxylic acid complex for biomedical applications. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 48 (3): 246-253, 2011.
Dutta, PK; Kumar, H; Tiwari, DK; Archana, D; Rizvi, KS; Kumar, A; Singh, BK and Srivastava, RThe glimpses of chitosan nanoparticles. In Asian Chitin J, 7: 103-106, 2011.
Dutta, P; Sruti, J; Patra, N and Rao, MEFloating microsphere recent trends in the development of gastroretentive floating drug delivery system. In Internatonal journal of pharmaceutical sciences and nanotechnology, 4 (1), 2011.
2010
Kumar, S.; Nigam, N.; Ghosh, T; Pradip K, D.; Singh, SP; Prashant K, D.; An, L. and Shi, T. F.Preparation, characterization and optical properties of a novel azo-based chitosan biopolymer. In Materials Chemistry and Physics, 120 (2-3): 361-370, 2010.
Kumar, S.; Singh, SP; Mishra, L; Datta, PK and Dutta, PKCyano-Based Chitosan Derivative: Nd-YAG Laser for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) Study. In Emerging Trends in Laser & Spectroscopy and Applications: 367, 2010.
Kumar, S.; Nigam, N.; Ghosh, T; Dutta, PK; Yadav, RS and Pandey, ACPreparation & characterization of optical properties of crosslinkable film of chitosan with 9-anthraldehyde. In Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 115: 3056-3062, 2010.
Kumari, R. and Dutta, PKPhysicochemical & biological activity study of genipin-crosslinked chitosan scaffolds prepared by using supercritical carbon dioxide for tissue engineering applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 46: 261-266, 2010.
Kumar, S.; Dutta, PK and Sen, PPreparation & characterization of optical property of crosslinkable film of chitosan with 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde. In Carbohydrate Polymers, 80: 564-570, 2010.
Singh, J. and Dutta, PKPreparation, Antibacterial & Physicochemical Behavior of Chitosan/ Ofloxacin Complexes. In International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 59: 793-807, 2010.
Rinki, K. and Dutta, PKChitosan based scaffolds by lyophilization & sc. CO2 assisted methods for tissue engineering applications. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, 47: 1-6, 2010.
Kumar, S.; Nigam, N.; Ghosh, T; Dutta, PK; Yadav, RS and Pandey, ACPreparation, characterization, and optical properties of a chitosan--anthraldehyde crosslinkable film. In Journal of applied polymer science, 115 (5): 3056-3062, 2010.
Dutta, J. and Dutta, P. K.Antimicrobial Activity of Chitin, Chitosan, and Their Oligosaccharides. In Chitin, chitosan, oligosaccharides and their derivatives: Biological activities and applications: 195, 2010.
Dutta, PKCorporate Social Responsibility and Leadership. In Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 3 (12): 44-52, 2010.
2009
Tripathi, S; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKPhysicochemical and bioactivity of cross-linked chitosan--PVA film for food packaging applications. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 45 (4): 372-376, 2009.
Dutta, PK; Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, J.Perspectives for chitosan based antimicrobial films in food applications. In Food chemistry, 114 (4): 1173-1182, 2009.
Kumar, S.; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKPreparation and characterization of N-heterocyclic chitosan derivative based gels for biomedical applications. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 45 (4): 330-337, 2009.
Singh, J; Dutta, PK; Dutta, J; Hunt, AJ; Macquarrie, DJ and Clark, JHPreparation and properties of highly soluble chitosan-L-glutamic acid aerogel derivative. In Carbohydrate Polymers, 76: 188-195, 2009.
Rinki, K.; Tripathi, S.; Dutta, PK; Dutta, J.; Hunt, AJ; Macquarrie, DJ and Clark, JHDirect chitosan scaffold formation via chitin whiskers by supercritical carbon dioxide method: A green approach. In Journal of Materials Chemistry, 19: 8651-8655, 2009.
Singh, J. and Dutta, PKPreparation, circular dichroism induced helical conformation and optical property of chitosan acid salt complexes for biomedical application. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 45: 384-392, 2009.
Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKPreparation & physicochemical evaluation of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/pectin ternary film for food-packaging applications. In Carbohydrate Polymers, 79: 711-716, 2009.
Singh, J and Dutta, PKSpectroscopy and conformational study of chitosan acid salts. In Journal of Polymer Research, 16: 231-238, 2009.
Kumar, S.; Nigam, N.; Ghosh, T; Dutta, PK; Singh, SP and Datta, P. KStudies on chitosan-alizarin yellow GG complex for optical and biomedical applications. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 26: 411-416, 2009.
Kumar, S.; Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKPreparation, characterization and optical property of chitosan-phenothiazine derivative by microwave assisted synthesis. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, 46: 1095-1102, 2009.
Singh, J; Kumar, S and Dutta, PKPreparation and chiroptical properties of chitosan acid derivatives in dilute solution. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 26: 167-176, 2009.
2008
Dutta, PK and Singh, JConformational study of chitosan: A review. In Proceeding of National Academy of Sciences India, 78: 256-270, 2008.
Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PKChitosan based antimicrobial films for food packaging applications. In E-Polymers, 8: 1082-1088, 2008.
Tripathi, S.; Mehrotra, GK and Dutta, PK59 Preparation and Characterization of Quaternized Carboxymethyl Chitosan Composite. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 25 (3): 345, 2008.
Singh, J. and Dutta, PKConformational Analysis of Chitosan Derivatives. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 25 (3): 342, 2008.
Santosh Kumar, P.K.DuttaEvaluation of optical photoluminescence nanoparticles. In Asian Chitin Journal, 4: 67-74, 2008.
R Kumar, PK D. and Yadav, RKPreparation and characterization of hybrid nanocomposite powder of iron oxide/ polypyrrole-polythiophene. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 25: 637-643, 2008.
Tripathi, S; Mehrotra, GK; Tripathi, C.; Banerjee, B; Joshi, AK and Dutta, PKChitosan based bioactive film: Functional properties towards biotechnological needs. In Asian chitin journal, 4: 29-36, 2008.
2007
Liao, Y.; You, J.; Shi, T.; An, L. and Dutta, P. K.Phase Behavior and dewetting for polymer blend films studied by in situ AFM and XPS: From thin to ultrathin films. In Langmuir, 23 (22): 11107-11111, 2007.
Yu, X.; Shi, T.; An, L.; Zhang, G. and Dutta, PKSynthesis of 王-Shaped Amphiphilic Block Copolymer by the Combination of ATRP and Living Anionic Polymerization. In Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry, 45: 147-156, 2007.
Lin Xu, T. S. PK D. L. AnRim Instability by Solvent-Induced Dewetting. In Journal of Chemical Physics, 127, 2007.
Santosh Kumar, J. D. P.K.DuttaPreparation of chitosan-EDTA complex and its Cd2+ ion uptake capacity. In Asian Chitin Journal 3, 3: 117-122, 2007.
Rinki, K.; Dutta, J. and Dutta, P.K.Chitosan based scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In Asian Chitin J, 3: 69-78, 2007.
Yu, X.; Shi, T.; An, L.; Zhang, G. and Dutta, PKSynthesis of a-shaped amphiphilic block copolymer by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization and living anionic polymerization. In Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 45 (1): 147-156, 2007.
2006
Singh, A; Narvi, SS; Dutta, PK and Pandey, NDExternal stimuli response on a novel chitosan hydrogel crosslinked with formaldehyde. In Bulletin of Materials Science, 29 (3): 233-238, 2006.
Yu, X.; Zhang, G.; Shi, T.; Dutta, PK and An, L.Preparation and characterization of post-derivatives from functional polystyrene (ATRP) with p-nitroaniline-azomethine phenol and their thermal and optical study. In e-Polymers, 63: 1, 2006.
Dutta, J. and Dutta, PKLactic Acid and Lactic acid based Industries: Eco-friendly in Nature. In Everyman’s Science, 2: 103, 2006.
Dutta, PKChitin & Chitosan: The Spectacular Worldof BioMacromolecules. In India: Departement of Chemistry Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, 2006.
2005
Dutta, J; Tripathi, VS and Dutta, PKFTIR Spectroscopic and Rheological Study of Chitosan-lactic acid based Gels. In Asian Chitin Journal, 1: 79-84, 2005.
2004
Dutta, P. K.; Dutta, J. and Tripathi, VSChitin and chitosan: Chemistry, properties and applications. In Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 63: 20-31, 2004.
Dutta, P. K.; Dutta, J.; Chattopadhyaya, MC and Tripathi, VSChitin and chitosan: Novel biomaterials waiting for future developments. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 21 (3): 321-333, 2004.
2003
Khatua, MK; Dutta, J and R Prasad, PK D.Study on chitosan- amine oxide bulk matrices for controlled release of cefaclor. In Indian Drugs, 40: 19-24, 2003.
Dutta, PK; Jain, P.; Sen, P.; Trivedi, R.; Sen, PK and Dutta, J.Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyazomethine ether for NLO application. In European Polymer Journal, 39 (5): 1007-1011, 2003.
Dutta, PK; Khatua, MK; Dutta, J and Prasad, RUse of Chitosan-DMAc/LiCl gel as drug carriers. In Int J Chem Sci, 1: 93, 2003.
2002
Nanda, D; Oak, M S; Maiti, B; Chauhan, H P S and Dutta, P KSelective Transport of Uranyl Ion Across Bulk Liquid Membrane by Di(-2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. In Separation Science and Technology Journal, 36: 3357, 2002.
Dutta, PK; Kumar, M. R. and Dutta, J.Chitin and Chitosan for Versatile Applications. In JMS Polymer Review, 42: 307-354, 2002.
Trivedi, R; Sen, P; Dutta, PK and Sen, PKOptical Second Harmonic Generation in Polyazomethine Ether. In Nonlinear Optics (Mclc) Section B, 29: 51-59, 2002.
DUTTA, P. K.High performance polymers: Materials of the year 2000 and beyond. In Popular plastics and packaging, 47 (2): 72-73, 2002.
Nanda, D; Oak, MS; Maiti, B; Chauhan, H. and Dutta, PKSelective and uphill transport of uranyl ion in the presence of some base metals and thorium across bulk liquid membrane by di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. In Separation Science and Technology, 37 (14): 3357-3367, 2002.
DUTTA, P. K.Polymer for biomedical applications. In Popular plastics and packaging, 47 (10): 81-82, 2002.
2001
Nanda, D; Oak, M S; Pravin, k. M; Maiti, B and Dutta, PKCarrier Facilitated Transport of Th4+ through Liquid Bulk Membrane. In Separation Science and Technology Journal, 36: 2489-2497, 2001.
Dutta, PK; Bhavani, K D. and Sharma, NAdsorption for dyehouse effluent by low cost adsorbent (Chitosan). In Asian Textile Journal, 10: 57-63, 2001.
Dutta, PK; Ojha, S and Nanda, DFacilitated Transport of Cu(II) Across Chloroform Liquid Membrane using Different Carriers. In Journal of Indian Chemical Society, 78: 495-496, 2001.
Dutta, PKSynthesis and Characterization of New Polycrown ether (Schiff base). In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 8: 515-517, 2001.
Banerjee, S and Dutta, PKPolymers: A new horizon in modern industry. In POPULAR PLASTICS AND PACKAGING, 46 (9): 63-72, 2001.
Nanda, D; Oak, MS; Kumar, M P.; Maiti, B and Dutta, PKFacilitated transport of Th (IV) across bulk liquid membrane by di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. In Separation Science and Technology, 36 (11): 2489-2497, 2001.
Dutta, PKUse of stabilisers as fine chemicals in polymer industries. In POPULAR PLASTICS AND PACKAGING, 46 (4): 77-82, 2001.
Dutta, PKDyehouse effluent and adsorbent. In ASIAN TEXTILE JOURNAL-BOMBAY-, 10 (1): 57-63, 2001.
2000
Ravikumar, M.; Dutt, PK and Nakamura, SChitosan amine oxide gel : Preparation, Characterization and in vitro evaluation for Control Drug Delivery. In Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 62: 55, 2000.
Sridhari, TR and Dutta, PKSynthesis & characterization of maleilated chitosan for dye house effluent. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 7: 198-201, 2000.
Dutta, PKNitrosubstituted Polysulfide sulfone from Bis(4-chloro-3-nitro phenyl)sulfone and Sodium sulfide by Activated Displacement Polymerization. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 7: 61-63, 2000.
Dutta, P. K.Synthesis of nitro-substituted aromatic polysulfide from bis (4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) sulfone and sodium sulfide by activated nucleophilic displacement polymerization.
Kumar, MN V R.; Dutta, PK and Nakamura, SChitosan-amine oxide: a new gelling system, characterization and in vitro evaluations. In Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 62 (1): 55, 2000.
MNV Ravikumar, P.K.Dutta, S.NakamuraChitosan amine oxide gel : Preparation, Characterization and in vitro evaluation for Control Drug Delivery. In Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 62 (1): 55, 2000.
1999
Dutta, PK and Ravi Kumar, M.Methods of metal capture from wastewater. In ASIAN TEXTILE JOURNAL-BOMBAY-, 8: 74-87, 1999.
Durga Bhavani, K and Dutta, PKPhysico-chemical adsorption properties on chitosan for dyehouse effluent. In American dyestuff reporter, 88 (4): 53-58, 1999.
Ravi Kumar, M.; Singh, P. and Dutta, P. K.CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF PARACETAMOL USING CASTOR OIL BASED COPOLYESTER AND CHITOSAN-AMINE OXIDE GEL: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. In Eastern pharmacist, 42 (498): 109-111, 1999.
Dutta, P. K. and Maiti, S.Polymerization under pressure. In Journal of Polymer Materials(Netherlands), 16 (4): 297-307, 1999.
Ravi Kumar, M.; Singh, P. and Dutta, PKEffect of Swelling on Chitosan-Amine Oxide Gel in Extended Release of Drug. In Indian drugs, 36 (6): 393-398, 1999.
Dutta, P. K. and Kumar, M.Chitosan-amine oxide: Thermal behaviour of the new gelling system. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 1999.
Kumar, M.; Singh, P and Dutta, PKControlled Delivery Of Paracetamol Using Castor Oil Based Copolyester And Chitosanamine Oxide Gel: A Comparative Study. In EASTERN PHARMACIST, 42: 109-111, 1999.
K.D.Bhavani, P.K.DuttaPhysico-Chemical Studies of Adsorption on Chitosan for Dye House Effluent. In American Dye Stuff Reporter, 88 (4): 53-58, 1999.
1998
Dutta, PK and Reddy, B S.Computer Aided Reaction Design for Pericyclic Reaction using Turbo C. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 5 (1): 56-58, 1998.
RAVI, K. M.; Sridhari, T R. and Bhavani, K D.Trends in color removal from textile mill effluents.
Maiti, S and Dutta, PKThermal behavior of a polyether sulfone synthesized by nitro-displacement polymerization under pressure. In Journal of Polymer Materials(Netherlands), 15 (2): 137-140, 1998.
DUTTA, P. K.; MISHRA, K and RAVI KUMAR, M.Property and utilization of municipal plastics waste (MPW) via chemical route. In Popular plastics and packaging, 43 (6): 73-74, 1998.
Misra, K and DUTTA, P. K.From plastics waste to wealth: An overview on recycling of plastics. In Popular plastics and packaging, 43 (12): 75-77, 1998.
DUTTA, P. K.MULTIPURPOSE EXPLOITATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (PLASTICS). In Popular plastics and packaging, 43 (11), 1998.
1997
Dutta, P. K.; Viswanathan, P.; Mimrot, L. and Kumar, M. R.Use of chitosan amine oxide gel as drug carriers. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 14 (4): 351-355, 1997.
1996
Ravikumar, M. and Dutta, PKAre Textiles Finishing the Environment?. In Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 16: 499-501, 1996.
Kumar, M. R.; Reddy, G M. and Dutta, PKCastor-oil based Copolyester matrix for Paracetamol Release. In Iranian Polymer Journal, 1: 60-64, 1996.
Dutta, P. K.; Banerjee, S. and Maiti, S.New generation high performance polymers by displacement polymerization. In Handbook of engineering polymeric materials, 1996.
Dutta, PKPolymer additives: Industrial process chemicals for plastic and rubber products. In POPULAR PLASTICS AND PACKAGING, 41: 71-81, 1996.
1995
Dutta, PK and Maiti, S.Poly(aryl ether) sulfone via aromatic nitrodisplacement polymerization. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 2: 63-68, 1995.
Dutta, P. K.Nucleophilic substitution polymerization of 2, 6-dichloropyridine with bisphenol A. In Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 32 (sup4): 467-475, 1995.
1994
PK Dutta, S. M.Polysulfide amide synthesized by activated nucleophilic displacement polymerization. In Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 1: 81-86, 1994.
Dutta, PKAn overview of textile pollution & its remedy. In Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 14: 443-446, 1994.
DUTTA, P. K.Surface study of polypiridinelene ether by ESCA. In Macromolecular reports, 31 (5): 571-577, 1994.
Dutta, PKDiscrete vortex method for computation of viscous incompressible flows. In In its CFD: Advances and Applications: 131-204, 1994.
1993
PK Dutta, S. M.Surface study of PolypyridineleneSulfide by ESCA. In Journal of Polymer Materials, 10: 31, 1993.
Dutta, PK and Maiti, S.Polysulfide Sulfone by Activated Nucleophilic Displacement Polymerization. In Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie, 211: 79-87, 1993.
Dutta, PK and Maiti, S.Synthesis and curing of bis[4(3'-ethynyl phenyl amino)-3-nitrophenyl] sulfone. In Indian Journal of Chemistry, 32: 1023-1028, 1993.
1992
PK Dutta, S. M.Poly (4,4'-isopropylidene-2,6-diphenoxy pyridine) Synthesized by Nucleophilic Displacement Reaction under Pressure. In Journal of Polymer Materials(The Netherlands), 9: 43-48, 1992.
PK Dutta, S. M.A Novel Synthesis of PolypyridineleneSulfide by Nucleophilic Displacement Polymerization. In Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 13: 505, 1992.
Books
2013
Dutta, P. K. and Dutta, J.Multifaceted development and application of biopolymers for biology, biomedicine and nanotechnology. Springer, 2013.
2005
Dutta, PKChitin and Chitosan: Opportunities and Challenges. SSM International Publication, 2005.
Collections
2017
Dutta, P. K and Kumar, V.Optically Active Polymers: A Systematic Study on Syntheses and Properties. In Optically Active Polymers, pages 1-47, Springer, 2017.
2016
Archana, D; Dutta, P. K. and Dutta, J.Chitosan: a potential therapeutic dressing material for wound healing. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine, pages 193-227, Springer, 2016.
Kumar, H. and Dutta, P. K.Functionalized Chitosan: A Quantum Dot-Based Approach for Regenerative Medicine. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine, pages 297-349, Springer, 2016.
Singh, B. K and Dutta, P. K.Chitin, chitosan, and silk fibroin electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds: a prospective approach for regenerative medicine. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine, pages 151-189, Springer, 2016.
Kashyap, M.; Archana, D; Semwal, A.; Dutta, J. and Dutta, P. K.Chitosan: a promising substrate for regenerative medicine in drug formulation. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine, pages 261-277, Springer, New Delhi, 2016.
Sahai, N.; Jain, T.; Kumar, S. and Dutta, P. K.Development and selection of porous scaffolds using computer-aided tissue engineering. In Chitin and Chitosan for Regenerative Medicine, pages 351-388, Springer, New Delhi, 2016.
In Proceedings
2009
Rinki, K.; Dutta, PK; Hunt, AJ; Clark, JH and Macquarrie, DJPreparation of chitosan based scaffolds using supercritical carbon dioxide. In Macromolecular Symposia, pages 36-42, 2009.
Nidhi, N.; Santosh, K.; Ghosh, T and Dutta, PKPreparation of Chitosan based silver nano composites by a facile method. In International Conference on Optics and Photonics, Chandigarh: CSIO, 2009.
2008
DUTTA, P. K. and SINGH, J.VOL. LXXVIII SECTION-A PART IV. In Proceedings, pages 255, 2008.
Misc
2016
Dutta, P. K.Chitin and chitosan for regenerative medicine.
2013
Dutta, PK and Dutta, J.Multifaceted Development and Application of Biopolymers for Biology, Biomedicine and Nanotechnology Preface.
2012
Dutta, PK and Dutta, JMultifaceted Development and Applications of Biopolymers towards Biology, Biomedicine and Nanotechnology.